Sterilizer is the first process in every palm oil mill, so it is vital to ensure it been operated correctly. By doing so it will produce minimum oil loss and produce proper oil extraction rate. Oil loss that correspond from sterilising process are as below.
1. Oil loss in condensate.
2. Empty bunch
3. Unstriped bunch (usb)
4. Partly striped bunch (psb)
Now days we have few types of sterilizer design such as.
1. Conventional sterilizer
2. Conventional sterilizer mounted with hydraulic cylinder for door opening and locking device.
3. Continued steriliser.
4. Vertical steriliser
5. Sphrical sterilizer.
Most oil mill still stick with conventional sterilizer design due to its proven performants, but the advantages of vertical and spherical sterilizer are the oil mill will not have ffb cages and transfer carriage and will have lower maintenance cost and activity. Ffb will be feed via conveyors.
Objective of sterilizing are as below.
1. To inactivate the lipolytic enzymes responsible for the FFA rise.
2. To loosen the fruitlets in the bunch and facilitate their removal from the bunch during threshing process.
3. To condition and soften the monocarp for optimum oil recovery in the digestion and pressing process.
4. To precondition the nuts prior to cracking. During sterilization, the kernel within the nut is dehydrated causing the kernal to shrink and detach partially or fully from the shell.
Sterilizing Technique
1. Three techniques being adopted to suit varying degree of fruits ripness.
a. Single peak
b. Double peak
c. Triple peak
d. Multy peak.
2. The number of peak in the sterilization cycle is defined by the number of opening (or closing) of steam inlet or exhaust valves within a sterilization.
3.
Kehidupan di estate memang menyeronokkan sekiranya anda tahu menghayati setiap detik. Masa kini terdapat banyak estate yang mempunyai saluran daripada syarikat telekomikasi sepati celcom ini adalah keadaan tambahan.
Setiap pagi kita akan dapat menhirup udara segar, air yang bersuhu lebih sejuk dan yang paling menghiburkan adalah kebanyakan pekerja dan staff berasal dari tempat yg berlainan tetapi hubungan satu sama lain sentiasa erat.
Bekalan air dan elektrik juga percuma diberikan kepada pekerja dan staff sebagai tanda penghargaan.
Setiap kilang sawit tidak lagi dibenarkan melepaskan discharge effluent mereka ke sungai (water couse). Setiap kilang yang akan melakukan extension atau penambahan capacity, DOE mengenakan syarat 20ppm BOD.
Terdapat beberapa cara bagi land application, antaranya adalah.
1. Furrow system.
2. Flat bed system.
3. Tranches system.
Land application perlu dijaga dengan baik terutamanya sewaktu memelih lokasi. Perlu jauh dari sumber air dan menjalankan ujian kadar penyerapan terhadap tanah.
Semasa dalam tahap pembinaan, pastikan system perlu dilevel dengan baik bagi mengelakkan sebarang ketumpahan kelak.
Jadual pengaliran perlu dikeluarkan oleh pihak pengurusan dan memantau tahap application oleh operator dan perlu menjalankan spot check dengan kerap.
Selain daripada itu penjagaan tebing bagi setiap pengairan juga perlu dikawal. Elakkan daripada menggunakan racun rumput, sebaiknya rumput dipotong dengan kemas.
Pahak pengurusan kilang sawit dan estate perlu bersama-sama berkongsi tanggungjawab bagi manjaga kawasan land application. Adalah lebih baik sekiranya kilang dan estate meletakkan 1 orang pekerja masing-masing tetapi dipantau oleh pengurusan kilang.
